第一周视频2 混合式学习的定义

发布人：王卫肖发布时间：2014-05-12 11:08:58

 

第一周视频2解说词：

So let's get into this definition of Blended Learning. 现在我们看看混合式学习如何定义。Our friends at the Christian Center institute have spent a long time cataloging about 100 different examples of Blended Learning all across the country.克里斯蒂安中心学院的朋友们花费很长时间收集了全国100多个各种混合式学习案例。 And I think this is helpful to have sort some common language. 我认为这可以帮助有一个通俗的描述。They have a definition that we’re going to start with, which is really broken down into three essential parts. 他们已把定义分解为三个必要的部分，我们就由此开始。Let’s dive into that definition. So the first part of this definition is actually pretty straightforward.第一部分直截了当。 It basically means that students are learning online, but the critical part is this part here in the end of the definition. It’s the part that says that students will have some element of control over the time, the place, the path and/or the pace of learning.基本的定义就是学生们在线学习，但是这个定义的结尾部分才是最关键的。这部分强调了学生们可以自己控制学习的地点、途径、节奏。

>> Michael, tell me a little more about that time, path and pace.米舍尔给我们讲讲时间、途径和节奏>> Yeah, so he really big idea here is especially in the path and pace piece of this, 其实，它真正想要表达的意思主要体现在途径和节奏这块儿，hitch says that students don't all learn at the same pace,学生不是一直以同样的速度在学习（学生学习的进程是不统一的） sometimes you might he able to whiz through something and really understand it quickly 有时候你可能在某些方面表现的像个能手，能够很快地真正理解，other times you might need longer to play with a concept until it really settles in. 而有些时候，一个概念有可能你需要很长时间去解决它。Or you might need totally different pathways to be able to master something.或者你需要完全不同的途径才能够完全掌握某些事情。>> This 2nd part is very straight forward.第二部分是非常直截了当的。 It essentially means that this online learning, is actually happening in real school settings. 它基本上意味着这个在线学习，实际上是在真正的学校环境发生的。So this ast part is important, 所以这最后一部分是很重要的，because what it means is what's happening online isn't entirely disconnected from what's happening in the classroom.因为这意味着在线学习并不是和传统教室学习完全断开的。>> So this is an important point. 因此，这一点很重要。It means that you can't just stick someone an organ trail or read a rabbit, to babysit them in effect, 这就意味着你不能给某个人粘贴一个器官只是为了有效地照顾他。that what they're doing in, on that online experience is actually informing what's happening in the classroom.也就是说，他们正在进行的在线学习能够反映传统教室学习。>> Exactly, the classroom needs to talk online and online needs to talk to the classroom.确切地说，传统教室教学和在线学习都是学生学习的一部分。 And in the ideal setting the data from each part, whether it's teacher observations or actual outcome, should inform the other piece of the puzzle. 无论是课堂教学还是在线学习的过程中，老师的观察数据和学生的生成反馈，都应该告知另一部分的学习中。（即课堂教学的过程中要考虑在线学习的生成数据，反之亦然。）So that the 2 become an integrated whole.只有这样，这两者（课堂学习与在线学习）才能成为一个整体。 > And that's a really important point just to key off of. 这才是关键点。Which is that, today, not all the software and data systems make that data sharing experience totally seamless.今天，不是所有的软件和数据系统能够无缝对接地共享经验。 And we're just going to be up front with that. That there's a long way to go on that front. 我们要照这样的目标努力，前面还有很长的路要走。But the hope is that that will continue to improve, to make that.希望我们能够继续提高。 Far better in the future. 将来会做得更好。>> And this is a great point. 这一点很重要。A lot of what we're talking about in this course is still an idea. Reality is not 100% there yet. 我们在这个课程中所讨论的很多东西仍然是一个想法，但是在现实中我们还不能100%的做到。So if you're keeping score at home, feel free to start your list of all the things aren't  quite ready yet. The software isn't perfect, the data doesn't talk to   each other and yet, you can still do this work . 因此，如果你在家里保留得分，你也可以随时开始你还未准备好的任何东西。虽然该软件还不是很完善，数据也不能说明所有的问题，但是你仍然可以做这项工作。You just have to accept that it's the early innings of this baseball game and it’s still messy. And that that’s where the role of the human being and leadership really comes in. >> So now that we've gone through the definition of what Blended Learning is, let's try out your understanding of what is and is not blended learning through this in-video pop-up quiz.   我们刚刚讨论了混合式学习的定义，让我们通过视频弹出的测试来看看你是否了解了什么是混合式的学习，什么不是混合式学习。>> So let's take a look at these examples and   talk about whether they are or are not Blended Learning.[SOUND].    我们来看一些案例，并讨论它们属不属于混合式学习。

Example 1 is students responding to a teacher .案例一是学生对老师的回应。It's great that they're using a tablet .It might be more efficient. But this is just technology being put into   the classroom. It's the old system done digitally. Eh, not blended.这可能很有效，但是这仅仅是把技术应用到了课堂上。它仅仅是数字化，而不是混合式的。>> This second example is Blended Learning. 第二个案例属于混合式的学习。And the reason is, it's actually using a   method called the flipped classroom. It's basically shifting the instruction.  其原因是它实际上运用了一种叫做“颠倒的课堂”的方法，它基本上改变了授课的方式。

Online out of school times, that students have control over the time and the pace of what they're learning.由于学生时代的在线学习，学生自己控制学习的时间和进度。 They can press pause, rewind, go back over   a concept that they didn't quite understand and then they get to use the time in classroom, to really dive deep into the actual concepts of the trial. To extract far more meaning out of this experience. 对于他们不是很理解的一个概念，他们可以暂时停止进程，也可以绕回去重新回顾，然后他们利用传统教室学习的时间去真正地加深这部分的理解。从这种学习经历中获得更深远的理解。 >> And this is an important idea that we hope with Blended Learning, we might be able to make education a little more efficient and free up some time for some quote deeper learning type activities. 混合式学习的一个重要思想就在于，我们希望能够通过这样一种方式使教育变得更加高效，从而为那些深入学习型活动释放一些时间。And it's clear that an example like this, where the students get to do a simulation, is probably going to be a more powerful learning experience .学生们模拟了这样的案例，很明显，这种学习方式将会成为一个更加强大的学习经历。And that was enabled by the teacher using technology to gain some time .这都得益于教师运用了技术支持来赢得一些时间。It's great that this teacher's using a digital wipe board. It's great that the students are taking notes on their lap tops.老师能用电子白板，学生都用他们的笔记本电脑来记笔记，这都是是很好的。I would argue all those are good efficiency gains .But again, just tools in the class room .我认为这些都是很好的效率收益，但是仍要强调的是，这些仅仅是教室里的工具。We're not changing the fundamental role of the teacher or the student .我们并没有改变老师或学生的基本角色。We're not going after more personalized education. 我们并没有体现个性化的教育。This is technology making the old system better. But in our definition, it's not Blended Learning.这仅仅是技术的运用使旧的体系更优化了，但是从我们的定义来看，这并不是混合式学习。So we hope out of this exercise, you're really starting to get a feel for what really is Blended Learning and what's just what we call tech rich classrooms. 所以我们希望从这个练习中，你真的开始感受到什么是真正的混合式学习，什么是我们所说的技术丰富的教室。  Just layering technology, without actually changing the learning model itself. 只是对技术进行了分层，并未真正改变学习模式。 >> That's great and I think now we have to think about, what is high quality Blended Learning .我很高兴现在我们不得不去思考，什么才是高质量的混合式学习。It's not just blended, it's actually the definition that we're looking to promote in this course.它不仅仅是混合的，我们希望通过这个课程来真正促进和提升它的定义。>> Yeah, this is a good point, because the definition of Blended earning, purposely leaves out any notion of blended learning being always good or always bad. 这是一个不错的想法，因为混合式学习的定义，忽略了一个概念，那就是混合式学习总是好的或总是坏的。In fact, you can look at a lot of programs that would meet that definition. 事实上，你可以看到很多程序都符合这一定义。And sometimes, they're really great. And sometimes, they're not that great at all.有些时候，它们真的很棒，然而，有些时候并不是。 So, a really interesting question is, what would high quality Blended Learning. What would that definition be? 所以，一个真正有趣的问题是，什么才是高质量的混合式学习，我们如何定义它？Because it's not agreed to in the field right now. 因为它并不符合我们现在的领域。Okay, so let's tackle that as our challenge. I'll put out their straw man to begin with. 好吧，让我们来解决我们的挑战。Let's look at a high-quality, Blended Learning definition, that is broken down into four different parts. 让我们来看看高质量的混合式学习的定义，可以分为四个部分。The first part of our definition is that it should be personalized and by that we mean it goes after the needs, the gaps for every student, not the class as a whole. It's personalized for each learner. 定义的第一部分，它应该是个性化的。它要根据每个学生的差距来设计的，而不是全班通用的。它是对每个学习者的个性化。 The second part of this definition is that it's mastery based. 定义的第二部分，它是以掌握为基础的。We've talked about this concept before, but it basically means that students move on and receive credit only after they've mastered a core concept. 我们之前也谈到过这个概念，但是它基本上意味着学生继续前进，只有他们在掌握了核心概念之后才能获得学分。And a correlate to that is that students can go after demonstrating mastery, whenever they're ready. 相关联的是，无论什么时候，只要他们准备好了，学生们就可以展示他们已经掌握了。They don't have to wait till the teacher says, we're at week seven, now's the time to test that. 他们不必等到老师说，“我们已经是第七周了，现在是要测试的时间了。”So, if you're keeping score at home, just remember it freeze you up from the tyranny of the clock, to focus on actual learning. 如果你在家保留得分，你只需要记住着重于实际学习的时间。Third key element, is that it's based on high expectations for students, which means that each student has clearly defined rigorous standards. 第三个关键要素，是基于对学生很高的期望，这意味着对每一个学生都要有明确严格的标准。 That prepare them for success in college and career. 这样才能为学生们在大学或职业生涯中走向成功而做好准备。>> And the fourth and last element of this definition is there's student ownership. And this is critical.  这个定义的第四个也是最后一个关键要素在于学生的所有权，这是至关重要的。Student ownership means that students are   empowered with the skills, information, and tools that they need to manage their own learning. 学生的所有权意味着学生能够获得技能，信息，和他们需要的工具来管理自己的学习。 >> And we'll talk about this as agency as well and we think that ownership and agency are just essential to Blended Learning being high quality. 我们会谈论这个机构，以及我们认为所有权与代理是高质量的混合式学习所必需的。 >> One of the core beliefs about Blended Learning is students can own their own learning. 混合式学习的一个核心理念就在于学生可以自己拥有（管理）自己的学习。And just from an educational standpoint. We want kids, to be able to do things, without the teacher telling them   what to do. 正是从教育的角度，我们 想要孩子们能在老师没有告诉他们做什么的情况下也能自己做事情。I mean, that's just a, you know?    Basic, what it means to be educated. 这是最基本的，也就是说教育意味着什么。 What  means to be a learner. And I think folks get that.   but if you look at college success rates.   We have lots of students who succeed,    succeed, succeed,    succeed and they get to college and it's just a cliff. 学习者意味着什么，我想人们已经知道了。但是如果你看看大学的成功率，很多学生成功，成功，成功，他们进入大学，但是这仅仅是一个悬崖。 And often times what we hear is, when I    was in control of my schedule, when I was in    control of    my education, when no one, there was no   one there telling me to go to class, things got    really, really hard.  但是很多时候我们听到的却是，当我自己控制我的进度，掌控自己的教育，没有人告诉我要去上课了的时候，事情就会真的真的很困难了。 So, we really want kids to be learners, for the sake of being learners, but if we really value kids going to higher education institutions to be really successful in life beyond that, we've got to figure out how to   better prepare students for that. 所以，缘于这些，我们真的希望孩子们成为学习者，如果我们真的重视孩子们到高等教育机构去获得真正的成功的话，我们必须找出如何更好地培养学生的方法。And I think Blended Learning is a big   piece of that answer.  我认为混合式学习 很大一部分就是这样一个好方法。 >> So, these four elements start to define what high quality Blended Learning    is.  因此，这四个关键的要素定义了什么是高质量的混合式学习。 Now, we've done a lot in this course   already of just saying,   it's really about the learning and not   about the technology, per se.   But there's one important point here,   which is that the technology is critical. 现在，我们在本课程中已经说了很多，混合式学习是关于学习而不单单是技术本身。但有一点很重要，即技术是关键。

Because it starts to make Blended Learning possible at scale around the world and also financially sustainable.  使混合式学习在全球范围内大规模开展并做到经济可持续发展。  So we've given you this long Christian Institute definition. We've added on 4 elements of high quality blended Learning.   It's a bit of a mouthful. I actually think you might be able to do better. 所以我们给你这个很长的“基督教协会”的定义。我们对高质量的混合式学习的四个要素做了补充。这个比喻虽然有点拗口，但是我真的认为你能做得更好。So let's kick it over to Rob to talk about your very first assignment   and your chance to give us a   better definition of high quality Blended Learning.现在我们请Rob来谈一谈你的第一个任务，请你为高质量的混合式学习 下一个更好的定义。

So now it's your turn. You've heard Michael and Brian come up    with their definition of high quality   Blended Learning. 现在该轮到你了，你已经听了迈克尔和布瑞恩提出的关于他们对高质量的混合式学习的定义。 Apply some frameworks and some thoughts to it but nothing's really codified. 提供一些框架和想法。We want you to come up with your   definition, for high quality Blended Learning and take that definition   and put it into the discussion board. 我们希望你能定义你所理解的高质量的混合式学习，并把它放进交流贴上。 We want this to be a super robust experience. And really have you guys interacting with   each other. 我们希望这将成为一个超级强大的经验，也希望你们能够相互交流探讨。So after you place your definition   into the discussion board, comment on at   least 2 other people's. 在你将你的定义放到交流贴上之后，请评价至少2个他人的帖子。 Up vote the ones that you really like by   clicking on the Upper Arrow.请点击向上的箭头来投票选出你喜欢的定义。 Push other people's thinking, question them. 也可以针对他人的看法进行提问。 Challenge their assumptions, because ultimately we want to    come up with the best definition that we can for high quality Blended Learning and that    really relies on you guys interacting on the discussion boards.    And who knows? Maybe one of these definitions, is going to end up as one of the go-to definitions for high   quality Blended Learning. 挑战自己的假设，因为通过你们在交流贴上的交流互动，最终我们要拿出对高质量的混合式学习最好的定义。天晓得？也许这些定义，能结束对高质量混合学习定义的学习。