第一周视频3解说词混合式学习模式调查

发布人：王卫肖发布时间：2014-05-12 11:10:11

 

Survey of Blended Learning Models (混合式学习模式调查)

Now blended learning doesn't always look the same. There's many different models and many different settings all across the world.现在的混合式学习并不都是相同的，全世界有不同的模式与设置。

>> At the Christensen Institute we've been doing our best to actually catalog. And give different names for what these different types of models are. 在克里斯坦森学院，我们已经尽力在做目录。并对这些不同类型的模式进行了命名。So that people can have a common language to communicate what they are and are not doing with blended learning.因此，人们可以有一个共同的语言来交流混合式学习是什么。 But also so that we don't fall into this game where you show up and you say, mine's blended learning, and your isn't. 这样我们就不会出现争论谁的是混合式学习，谁的不是混合式学习的问题了。

>> Even though we just did that in our last quiz. now, for the sake of this course, we're going to focus on three main models.尽管我们在上次已经做过相关的测验了，但是基于课程的缘故，我们将重点放在三个主要的模式上。 The first is called a Station Rotation Model.第一个叫做站旋转模式（？） The second is the Lab Rotation Model. 第二个叫做实验室旋转模式。And the third is the Flex Model. 第三个叫做柔性模式。In this course, we're not just going to use those terms. We're going to give you a protagonist school, a school that's embodied this with really terrific results.在这个过程中，我们不仅仅使用这些术语。我们将会让你成为一个学校的主角，这真的体现了一个了不起的结果。 And a lot of this course is going to be told through the eyes of those schools.本课程中的很多东西都会通过这些学校展现出来。Now one important thing to know is we've told you about proficiency based learning we believe in it. 现在最重要的是我们曾经谈到过的基于能力的学习。So your first quiz about this whole first assignment comes right now. 所以现在到了你关于整个第一个任务中的第一次测验时间了。We want you see what we want you to know, we want you to show us that you know these models, and if you're frankly incredibly familiar with this part of the curriculum, by all means skip ahead.我们想知道你所了解的以及你对于这些模式的理解，如果你非常熟悉课程的这一部分，那么就直接跳过去。 If you've already read The Rise of K12 Blended Learning that the Christensen Institute wrote and put this on the map, by all means, take the quiz and sort of opt out of this lesson.如果你已经读过有克里斯坦森学院所写的《K-12混合式学习的兴起》，请选择排序并整理本课，退出本课的学习。 But we do have a lot of content about these schools, and we still think it would be very vaulable, even if you want to brush it up a little bit. So take the quiz, and we'll see you right afterwards.但是我们确实有很多关于这些学校的内容，我们认为这是非常有价值的，那怕你只是温习一点点。现在开始测验。

>> So that quiz started to give you an idea of where we're going in this video. We're going to focus on three models in this course of blended learning. 我们打算在这个课程中集中学习混合式学习的三种模式。But remember, that's only just a sub section of all the blended learning models that are out there.但是记住，这只是混合式学习的一部分模式而已。 But we chose these three to go really deep in because they're the ones that are most applicable for teachers and schools on the ground today.我们之所以选择这三个模式进行深入的分析是因为它们是目前最适合教师和学校的模式。 Plus we've got our protagonist alongside of us to help guide you in this journey about learning more about these models. 加上在学习过程中有主要参与者（领导者）对于这些模式的学习给予我们指导。Now before we tell you more about these three schools and three models, we do think it's important to mention this term flipped classroom.在我们告诉你更多关于这三所学校和三种模式之前，我们认为提及“翻转课堂”这个词非常重要。 Because, you probably have heard about this before. In many ways flipped class room is the easiest way to get into the blended learning movement. So, lets take a moment to just look at a definition of what flipped classroom means.之前你可能听说过“翻转课堂”这个概念。在很多方面，“翻转课堂”是进入混合式学习的最简单的方式。所以我们要花点时间来看看“翻转课堂”的定义。

>> So the essential idea of the flipped classroom is simple. Basically what used to be done in the classroom is now done at home online. And what used to be done at home through practice and problems is now done in the classroom so that the teacher can actually guide the students. 翻转课堂的基本思想其实是很简单的。基本上是原来在课堂上做的事情现在在家里在线完成；而原来在家里做的练习或需要解决的问题，现在在课堂上进行，这样教师就能够真正地引导和指导学生。So this graphic before you, what you see on the left hand side is that students, represented by the blue dots, are actually in the classroom with their fellow peers. And you see that teacher at the front of the room in the red, and they're working on practice and projects. And then on the right hand side of the screen, that represents students at home, and that's where they're doing their online learning. 在你面前的这个图，你看到的图的左边是学生，用蓝色小点表示，他们与其他同龄人在教室；在教室前面的老师是用红色表示的，他们正在实践项目。而屏幕的右侧，表示学生在家里，他们正在进行在线学习。

>> Now, we're not diving deep on flip classroom. Because we actually think it's a great beginning into blended. But we don't want people to just stop there. It's a entry point to the idea of making learning more personalized, and better using time. 现在我们不在深入讨论翻转课堂了。我们确实认为它是进入混合式学习的一个伟大开始，但是我们不想让人们只停在那儿，它只是让学习变得更加个性化、更合理利用时间的一个切入点而已。But as you start practicing in your setting, the different ideas of blended learning, don't think that's the endgame. Really push yourself to think and be creative and take some risks around how kids can have more agency in the learning process. And how we can differentiate for each student's needs.但是当你真正去实践混合式学习的不同理念时，你会发现翻转课堂并不是混合式学习所要求的最后结局。你会去创造性地思考如何让孩子们在学习过程中拥有更多的力量，我们如何才能分别对待每个孩子不同的学习需要。

>> So let's dive into the first model, the Station Rotation Model. Take a moment to read the definition.让我们进入第一个模式---站旋转模式（？）的学习，花一些时间来阅读它的定义。 In a Station Rotation model as we've said, students are rotating between different stations. So here what we see is that some students might start with teacher-led instruction. Then they move to collaborative activities and stations, basically projects with other students. And then they move once again to that time when they're actually working on the computers and online learning.如我们以前所说，站旋转模式是指学生在不同的场所轮作。这里我们看到的是一些学生可能先由教师授课引领学习。然后他们再到其他的场所与其他学生进行项目协作活动。然后当他们可以真正在计算机上进行在线学习的时候，他们会再次轮换场所。

>> So our first protagonist school is KIPP Los Angeles. And we'll be visiting a school called KIPP Comienza Prep that was founded in 2010 by their founding principal, Margarita Flores. 我们第一所参与学校是洛杉矶的KIPP.我们将要参观的是一所叫做KIPP的预备学校，它是由玛格丽塔佛洛里斯创建于2010年。This school is super interesting because they use a Station Rotation model as a core part of their educational model. 这所学校超级有趣之处在于他们将站旋转模式作为他们教育模式的核心部位。Essentially for two different 75 minute blocks, students have rotations within their classroom to go after their holy grail, which is all about small group instructional time with one teacher with a small group of students. In that time they can make fascinating gains on students comprehension and math skills. 基本上分为两个不同的75分钟的块。学生们在他们的课堂上通过不断地转换学习场所来达到自己要追求的目标。一个老师在这个小群体教学时间里可以体会和感受到这个小组的学生理解能力和数学技能的提高。While other students in the classroom doing online learning to develop some new skills or practice old ideas. 与此同时，其他一些学生则在教室里通过在线学习的方式来发展一些新的技能或者巩固旧知。This school is a very typical urban elementary school in Los Angeles unified school district. Its over 90% Latino and free reduced lunch students. And they had some of the highest test scores in the state of California, in just their first few years of being in existence. 这所学校是洛杉矶统一学区中一个典型的城市小学，有超过90%的拉美裔免费午餐工程的学生在此学习。在他们成立的最初几年里，他们在加利福尼亚州考中曾经取得过几次测试最高分。Among the many things that Capelle does well and the strategies they use, they are zoning in on blended learning as a key change strategy to get out of the box results. 种种事例表明，卡佩罗和他们使用的策略成为在混合式学习方面走在前列的一项关键性变革策略。

>> So let's dive into our second model Bryan. 布莱恩，现在让我们进入第二个模式的学习。Second model is called the Lab Rotation. Take a look at the definition. 第二种模式叫做实验室旋转模式，让我们首先来了解一下它的定义。This is a generic picture of a Lab Rotation model.这是一张实验室旋转模式的通用图片。 Lab Rotations are taking lots of different forms, but the basic idea is similar across all of them. You can see in these three images, over here on the left on top, that students are in traditional classrooms, with other students represented by those blue dots, with teachers in the red. Who are just leading them through very traditional instruction. 实验室旋转模式的形式很多，但是基本思想是类似的。我们来看这三个影像，在上面的左边，学生们在传统的教室里，那些蓝色的小点代表其他的学生，而红色则代表老师，老师正在通过传统的授课方式引导他们。And then students rotate out at very specific times to that bottom right hand square, which is the learning lab, and that's where they're working online individually at computers. 然后学生们转到学习实验室那里，也就是图片的右下方，他们单独在那里进行在线学习。

>> So in the Lab Rotation model, what you've probably figured out is that it's very similar in some respects to the Station Rotation model. 所以在实验室旋转模式中你可能已经发现，它在某些方面跟站旋转模式很相似。The difference is in the Station Rotation, students are rotating within a given classroom. Whereas in the Lab Rotation they're actually rotating out to a learning lab, where students are actually doing their online learning. 站旋转模式的不同之处在于，学生轮换场所学习都是在一个指定的教室中进行，而实验室旋转模式中学生则是轮换到了学习实验室中进行在线学习。We've got a great protagonist to really showcase this lab rotation model in Navigator Schools, Bryan.我们必须真正展示一下实验室旋转模式中的一个很棒的参与学校，它就是导航学校，布瑞恩。

>> Yes. So, Navigator was founded by Sharon Waller and James Dent back in 2011. 导航学校是沙龙沃勒和詹姆斯登特在2011年成立的。And we'll be visiting their Gilroy Prep campus And what they've done so neatly at this campus is combine the best of a traditional, sort of tech enabled classroom, with thoughtful use of a learning lab, where students rotate out on a day to day basis based on their data for what they need to practice. 我们将要访问他们的吉尔罗伊预备校园。这所学校将传统与科技课堂很好地结合在一起，建立了一个完善的学习实验室，让学生们在每天的数据基础上进行他们真正需要的操练。And they're on iPads or laptops, working on a couple different pieces of software to support their reading or to go deeper in their math.他们利用ipad或者笔记本电脑，通过几个不同的软件来帮助他们阅读或者深入探究数学学习问题。

>> It sounds like a really thoughtful model. How have their results been?这听起来像是一个很完善的模式，其结果是怎样的？

>> I mean, it's a great story. So, this is a community where the students are about 67% English language learners. 我的意思是，这是一个很好的报道。这是一个大约有67%的英语学习者的群体。In their very first year, they had one of the highest test scores in the state of California. I'm really excited to take you into the school and show you some footage of this place. 在他们加入这种学习模式的第一年里，他们在加利福尼亚州考中取得了最高的测试分数。我真的很高兴带你走进这所学校，给你介绍一些关于这所学校的情况。

>> It's going to be fun to see. And for our third model, we've got the Flex model of blended learning. And for this one, take a look at the definition. Then we'll come back and talk about it as well.对于我们的第三个模式，我们已经知道是柔性模式。现在让我们来看一下它的定义，然后我们再来一起讨论它。 So, in this picture of a flex school, we're just showing a generic Flex model. Because lots of flex schools are doing very different setups within their actual physical space. 在这张照片中的flex学校，我们只是显示了一个通用的柔性模式。因为许多flex学校基于它们实际的物理空间有着非常不同的设置。In this particular model, what you see is that there's a central learning space, where students have their individual offices. And you can see that each student has their computer, which is where they learn online. 在这个特殊的模式里，你可以看到这里有一个中央学习空间，在那里学生们有自己的学习场所。你也可以看到每个学生都有自己的电脑，他们在那里在线学习。Now, around the perimeter of this central space are where there's lots of breakout rooms. You see the breakout rooms where students can work in small groups. You see a breakout room where students can go for their science instruction and actually do their lab work. You see a social area down at the bottom. And this is where students can jump in, sort of like a cafe, and actually learn. With other peers when it suits there purpose and the big idea right is that students are moving flexibly through these realities based on what they need when they need it.围绕在这个中心空间的周边有很多分会议室。学生们可以在这些分会议室中小组学习。你还可以看到学生们在分会议室中进行他们的科学指导以及实际的做实验室工作。在这个社区的底部，你还可以看到一个社区，像一个咖啡馆一样，学生们可以在那里投入地学习。与其他同行时，它适合有目的的大想法，学生通过现实基础上的灵活转移（学习场所）来各取所需。（？） So in a Flex model the big idea is that it differs from a rotation because students aren't constrain to spend a certain amount of time in any given learning activity.因此柔性模式不同于旋转模式的最大特点在于学生不限定在某个学习场所所用的时间。 Instead, every student in essence has a customize playlist for what they need when they need it. We have a great protagonist to showcase the Flex model that both of us are really excited about, called Summit public schools.相反，当他们需要时，每个学生在本质上都有一个自定义所需要的播放列表。我们非常兴奋有一个很棒的参与学校为我们展示柔性模式，它就是被称为峰会的公立学校。

>> So summit was founded in 2003 by Dianne Tavener, and we're going to be visiting their Denali campus in Sunnyvale, California. 峰会是由戴安塔维纳在2003年成立的，我们将要去拜访他们的位于加利福尼亚州的德纳里峰公司校园。Now, this is a little hard to explain, but the big idea here is kids go as fast as they need, as fast as they can, and in different pathways depending on what they're ready for.这个很难解释，但是一个超棒的主意在于孩子可以根据他们的需要来决定自己所学的进度，这取决于他们用不同的途径准备的如何。 So think of it as a long playlist that's cultivated by the teachers for the students. At the beginning of a unit, a students takes a mastery quiz to see what they need to know. 所以把它当做一个教师培养学生的长期的播放列表。在一个单元开始时，学生通过测验来看他们需要什么。And if they already know this material, they can go right over into the testing room, take the assessment and show mastery. 如果他们已经知道这个材料，那么他们就可以直接进入测验室，通过完成测验任务来说明他们已经掌握了这个单元的内容。But assuming they don't, they work through this playlist. And maybe the playlist has econ academy video, or a lecture that the teachers recorded. 但是假设他们不能完成，那么他们就必须按照播放列表来学习。这个播放列表也许是经济学院视频，或者是一场教师讲座记录。Or maybe it's a hands on project with the teacher and the other students. 或者这也许是教师和其他学生的援手。The key is it's truly proficiency based. It's truly mastery based.关键它真的是能力的基础，掌握的基础。 And by doing a large portion of the day under this Flex model, they free up some time to do different things and go after some of that deeper learning concept.通过这种柔性模式，在白天大部分时间里他们可以释放出一些时间去做不同的事情，从而去学习一些更深层次的知识。So they're starting to put project based learning into their school, and really try some different approaches to get agency into the hands of their students.因此，他们在学校开展基于项目的学习，并试着用不同的方法为他们的学生取得代理。

>> And something I think you'll see as we actually visit Summit on the ground is that student agency is really palpable and a big part of that model.我想你会看到，当我们真正去拜访峰会学校时，你会发现学生代理是显而易见的，也是这个模式的一个重要组成部分。 But why don't you tell us about who they're actually serving in these schools, and how they've done.但是你为什么不告诉我们一些他们在真正服务于学校以及他们所做的事呢？

>> Great. So Summit has six campuses throughout the Bay Area currently, and is expanding. 太好了，峰会在海湾地区目前有六所校园，并且正在不断地扩大。They have a really nice mix across income levels with some low income, middle income, and some higher income students as well. 他们会很好地混合低收入家庭、中等收入家庭以及高收入家庭的学生。And the results have just been really strong. Their founding school which has got the most experience is parentally on the US News and World Report list of top high schools in America.结果已经很能说明问题。他们创办的学校在美国新闻和世界报道美国高校清单中成为了最有经验的父母。

>> Now, with only three protagonists we know we're not covering the full gamut of what's out there in blended learning.目前只有这三个参与者，我们知道在混合式学习方面我们还没有覆盖全域。 We also know that we've picked three charter schools and we haven't focused on districts in our actual examples, but that's not to say that districts across the country are not doing really interesting blended learning implementations right now.我们也知道我们仅仅是选择了三所特许学校，还没有集中在区域范围内的实际例子。但是这并不意味着全国区域内就不能实现有趣的混合式学习。 In fact, if you jump on our website and check out the blended learning universe, which will pop up in a moment, you can take a look at lots of the charter and district programs around the country that are doing really interesting blended learning implementations. Take a look.事实上，如果你进入我们的网站，查看混合式学习领域，它会弹出一个时刻表，你会看到全国各地区域很多关于有趣的混合式学习的活动真正实现。看一下吧。

>> So, we're coming to a close on the first week of our course. Let's recap by looking at the four things we've talked about so far.我们就要结束第一周的课程了。现在就让我们重述一下到目前为止我们讨论的四件事情。 First, we talked about what is blended learning and tried to use a definition so we could be on the same page. 首先，我们讨论了什么是混合式学习并且我们也尝试了给混合式学习下一个定义以便我们能够站在同一个起跑线上。And then second, we put in the caveats around what high quality blended learning looks like. 第二件事，我们还附加说明了高质量的混合式学习是什么样的。Third, we gave you different examples of blended learning and the three core models that we're going to focus on. 第三，我们给出了不同的混合式学习的例子，特别将重点放在了三个核心模式上。And fourth, we introduced you to our protagonist schools that we're going to be visiting again and again throughout this course.第四，我们向你介绍了我们将要在这个课程中一次又一次参观的参与学校。

>> And in the coming weeks we're going to dive much deeper into the elements of how the student experience actually changes in blended learning. And what are the inner workings of a school in the blended learning model. 在接下来的几周里，我们将要深入研究混合式学习如何改变学生实际经验的因素。以及在混合式学习中，学校的内部运作是什么。That is what are teachers and administrators actually doing so that you can start to do this yourself. It's going to get a lot more involved each week, and it should be a lot of fun.这是老师们和管理者们实际要去做的，你可以开始做你自己的。每一周你将得到许多参与的机会，这将会是很有趣的。

>> At least we hope so. For now though we're going to kick it over to Rob so he can give you a sense of where we're going in this course, and actually preview the final prototyping assignment.至少我们希望是这样的。现在我们请Rob给你在这个课程的学习过程中提供一些感觉，预览一下最终的任务分配。